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Compare Oman (2001) - Christmas Island (2005)

Compare Oman (2001) z Christmas Island (2005)

 Oman (2001)Christmas Island (2005)
 OmanChristmas Island
Administrative divisions 6 regions (mintaqat, singular - mintaqah) and 2 governorates* (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) Ad Dakhiliyah, Al Batinah, Al Wusta, Ash Sharqiyah, Az Zahirah, Masqat, Musandam*, Zufar*; note - the US Embassy in Oman reports that Masqat is a governorate, but this has not been confirmed by the US Board of Geographic Names (BGN) none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years:
41.51% (male 554,727; female 533,627)

15-64 years:
56.12% (male 894,978; female 576,672)

65 years and over:
2.37% (male 32,863; female 29,331) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products dates, limes, bananas, alfalfa, vegetables; camels, cattle; fish NA
Airports 143 (2000 est.) 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
137

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
56

914 to 1,523 m:
37

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
212,460 sq km

land:
212,460 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Kansas about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background In 1970, QABOOS bin Said Al Said ousted his father and has ruled as sultan ever since. His extensive modernization program has opened the country to the outside world and has preserved a long-standing political and military relationship with the UK. Oman's moderate, independent foreign policy has sought to maintain good relations with all Middle Eastern countries. Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate 37.96 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Budget revenues:
$4.7 billion

expenditures:
$5.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $490 million (1999)		 revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA
Capital Muscat The Settlement
Climate dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April
Coastline 2,092 km 138.9 km
Constitution none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things, clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees basic civil liberties for Omani citizens Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958)
Country name conventional long form:
Sultanate of Oman

conventional short form:
Oman

local long form:
Saltanat Uman

local short form:
Uman

former:
Muscat and Oman		 conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency Omani rial (OMR) -
Death rate 4.1 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Debt - external $4.5 billion (2000 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador John B. CRAIG

embassy:
Jameat A'Duwal Al Arabiya Street, Al Khuwair area, Muscat

mailing address:
international: P. O. Box 202, Code No. 115, Medinat Al-Sultan Qaboos, Muscat

telephone:
[968] 698989

FAX:
[968] 699189		 none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Abdallah bin Muhammad bin Aqil al-DHAHAB

chancery:
2535 Belmont Road, NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-1980 through 1981, 1988

FAX:
[1] (202) 745-4933		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international boundary with the UAE has not been bilaterally defined; northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary none
Economic aid - recipient $76.4 million (1995) NA
Economy - overview Oman's economic performance improved significantly in 2000 due largely to the upturn in oil prices. The government is moving ahead with privatization of its utilities, the development of a body of commercial law to facilitate foreign investment, and increased budgetary outlays. Oman continues to liberalize its markets and joined the World Trade Organization (WTrO) in November 2000. Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future
Electricity - consumption 8.026 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 8.63 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Jabal Shams 2,980 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues rising soil salinity; beach pollution from oil spills; very limited natural fresh water resources NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Arab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates Omani rials per US dollar - 0.3845 (fixed rate since 1986) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
Sultan and Prime Minister QABOOS bin Said Al Said (since 23 July 1970); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports $11.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities petroleum, reexports, fish, metals, textiles phosphate
Exports - partners Japan 27%, China 12%, Thailand 18%, UAE 12%, South Korea 12%, US (1999) Australia, NZ
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description three horizontal bands of white, red, and green of equal width with a broad, vertical, red band on the hoist side; the national emblem (a khanjar dagger in its sheath superimposed on two crossed swords in scabbards) in white is centered at the top of the vertical band the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory
GDP purchasing power parity - $19.6 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
40%

services:
57% (1999 est.)		 agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,700 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4.6% (2000 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 21 00 N, 57 00 E 10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note strategic location on Musandam Peninsula adjacent to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
32,800 km

paved:
9,840 km (including 550 km of expressways)

unpaved:
22,960 km (1996)		 total: 240 km


paved: 30 km


unpaved: 210 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $4.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, livestock, lubricants consumer goods
Imports - partners UAE 26% (largely reexports), Japan 16%, UK 9%, Italy 7%, Germany 6%, US (1999) principally Australia
Independence 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate 4% (2000 est.) -
Industries crude oil production and refining, natural gas production, construction, cement, copper tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate 22.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.8% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 580 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court

note:
the nascent civil court system, administered by region, has non-Islamic judges as well as traditional Islamic judges		 Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 850,000 (1997 est.) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% NA
Land boundaries total:
1,374 km

border countries:
Saudi Arabia 676 km, UAE 410 km, Yemen 288 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
95% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100%


note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001)
Languages Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system based on English common law and Islamic law; ultimate appeal to the monarch; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch bicameral Majlis Oman consists of an upper chamber or Majlis al-Dawla (48 seats; members appointed by the monarch; has advisory powers only) and a lower chamber or Majlis al-Shura (83 seats; members elected by limited suffrage, however, the monarch makes final selections and can negate election results; body has some limited power to propose legislation, but otherwise has only advisory powers)

elections:
last held NA September 2000 (next to be held NA September 2003)

election results:
NA; note - two women were elected for the first time to Majlis al-Shura, about 100,000 people voted		 unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held in 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth total population:
72.04 years

male:
69.9 years

female:
74.29 years (2001 est.)		 total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
approaching 80%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 NA
Location Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and UAE Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references Middle East Southeast Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 18,167 GRT/11,307 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary (includes Royal Oman Police) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $2.4 billion (FY00) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 13% (FY00) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
771,919 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
429,811 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - military age 14 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
26,469 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Birthday of Sultan QABOOS, 18 November (1940) Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality noun:
Omani(s)

adjective:
Omani		 noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards summer winds often raise large sandstorms and dust storms in interior; periodic droughts the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources petroleum, copper, asbestos, some marble, limestone, chromium, gypsum, natural gas phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate 0.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
People - note - the Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1,508 as of the 2001 Census
Pipelines crude oil 1,300 km; natural gas 1,030 km -
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 2,622,198

note:
includes 527,078 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)		 361 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.43% (2001 est.) 0% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Matrah, Mina' al Fahl, Mina' Raysut Flying Fish Cove
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 1.4 million (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Ibadhi Muslim 75%, Sunni Muslim, Shi'a Muslim, Hindu Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.55 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.12 male(s)/female

total population:
1.3 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 NA
Suffrage in Oman's most recent elections in 2000, limited to approximately 175,000 Omanis chosen by the government to vote in elections for the Majlis ash-Shura -
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system consisting of open wire, microwave, and radiotelephone communication stations; limited coaxial cable

domestic:
open wire, microwave, radiotelephone communications, and a domestic satellite system with 8 earth stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat		 general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005


international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 201,000 (1997) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 59,822 (1997) NA
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1999) NA
Terrain central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate 6.04 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA
Unemployment rate NA% -
Waterways none -
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